NOCTI Biotechnology Practice Test

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• A process of purification of DNA from sample using a combination of physical and chemical methods
• A federal agency charged with enforcing regulations against selling and distributing adulterated, misbranded, or hazardous food and drug products is the
• Which instrument measures the proportions of light at different wavelengths absorbed and transmitted by a pigment solution?
• Which phase of clinical trials is conducted after preliminary evidence suggesting efficacy and typically involves 1,000-3,000 patients to gather safety and efficacy information?
• What is the purpose of a primer in PCR?
• Which technique is used to separate the components of a mixture based on their tendency to travel or be drawn across the surface of another material?
• Which disease did Jenner target with the first successful vaccine?
• Which term designates specialized clothing or equipment worn in a laboratory to protect against hazardous materials?
• Biotech safety cabinets to prevent airborne diseases are associated with which biosafety level?
• Which PCR step involves the binding of primers to denatured DNA strands?
• Which biosafety level is associated with indigenous microorganisms that can cause disease of varying severity in healthy adults?
• Which term describes the process of growing animal cells in vitro in a flask or dish?
• Which of the following terms refers to the analysis of DNA sequences that vary among individuals to identify people?
• Which term refers to performing tasks under sterile conditions to prevent contamination?
• Which biosafety level is used to handle dangerous exotic pathogens with high aerosol transmission risk and often fatal diseases?
• Eukaryotic cells from a living organism (i.e., a mammal) are called what?
• An independent federal agency established to coordinate programs aimed at reducing pollution and protecting the environment is the
• What term describes a solution that resists changes in pH when acids or bases are added?
• Which unit is defined as one millionth of a meter?
• Which instrument is used to transfer bacteria between cultures?
• Which statement correctly describes a 1:10 dilution?
• The acronym SDS refers to which type of document?
• Which international effort aimed to map and sequence the entire human genome?
• What autoclave temperature is commonly used for sterilization?
• Phase 1 Clinical Trial is best described as which of the following?
• Edward Jenner is known for developing the first vaccine for which disease?
• Frederick Griffith is associated with which genetic phenomenon?
• What enzyme cuts DNA at a specific sequence of nucleotides?
• Second step of PCR; involves binding of primers to denatured DNA strands at around 50°C. What is this step?
• What sequence describes the central dogma of molecular biology?
• Which NFPA Diamond color designates stability of a chemical agent?
• Which term refers to the complete set of genetic information in an organism?
• Which term is used to create living tissues to repair damage using stem cells?
• What is a common challenge when performing dilutions with very small final volumes?
• When dispensing liquid from a micropipette, a lab technician must
• On the NFPA hazard diamond, which color indicates a health hazard?
• Which scientists developed the double helix model of DNA?
• Mixing 5 mL of a 2 M stock with 15 mL of diluent yields what final concentration?
• Type of hood or barrier used in the laboratory to capture chemical vapors and fumes
• An organism that does not require oxygen is called a what?
• Which piece of equipment is used to sterilize objects by steam under pressure and/or heat?
• Process of creating living, functional tissues to repair or replace tissue or organ function through the use of stem cells
• The acronym used to remember the steps for using a fire extinguisher is
• Which device separates substances by density by spinning them at high speeds?
• Which biosafety level is designated for low risk agents not known to cause disease?
• Which enzyme is used for DNA synthesis in PCR and remains active at high temperatures?
• You need to prepare 200 mL of a 0.25 M solution from a 1.00 M stock. How much stock is required?
• A lab worker dilutes 3.0 mL of a 4.0 mg/mL solution to a final concentration of 1.0 mg/mL. What final volume is required?
• Who are credited with developing the double helix model of DNA?
• What term describes making a series of dilutions where each step reduces the concentration by the same factor?
• Which statement best describes a buffer?
• To achieve a desired final concentration using C1V1=C2V2, which quantity is typically adjusted?
• Which term describes a substance that decreases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution (pH > 7)?
• Which instrument measures small volumes most accurately?
• Controlled; 100-300 patients with disease for which the drug is being studied; investigates effectiveness and short-term side effects and risks.
• SDS stands for which document?
• Nutrient media used for bacterial cultures are called
• Instrument used to measure volume of a liquid
• How many microliters are in 1 milliliter?
• Which organization is a major biomedical research center in the United States?
• In PCR, which process involves primers binding to complementary DNA sequences?
• Which technique separates components by density using high-speed spinning?
• DNA fragments formed from restriction enzyme digestion are called
• Which statement correctly matches NFPA Diamond colors to hazard types?
• The HeLa cell line is best described as what type of cells?
• During PCR, what happens to the two strands of DNA during the denaturation step?
• Which technique separates DNA fragments by size using an electric field?
• What term describes moles of solute per liter of solution?
• Which agency is responsible for maintaining safety in the workplace?
• Which chromatography method separates components based on charge?
• How much does 1 milliliter of water weigh at standard conditions?
• RFLP patterns are used to analyze variations in what?
• Which chemical is commonly used to stain DNA in gels?
• Which term describes eukaryotic cells from a living organism such as a mammal?
• Which term describes a series of tests that evaluates the effectiveness and safety of a medical treatment in humans?
• Who developed the double helix model of DNA?
• What describes the function of a buffer solution?
• Which substance is used in gel electrophoresis and is derived from seaweed?
• One of the world's foremost research centers is the
• Third step of PCR; Taq polymerase builds copies of DNA at about 72°C. What is this step?
• Who discovered penicillin, the first antibiotic?
• In Size Exclusion Chromatography, why do larger molecules elute first?
• Which term refers to all of the genetic information in an organism?
• Unspecialized cells that are able to renew themselves for long periods of time by cell division
• Which equation is used for dilution calculations in solutions?
• What term describes the rearrangement of DNA sequences by exchanging segments from different DNA molecules?
• A solution that resists changes in pH upon the addition of an acid or base is called a
• What is the name of the human epithelial cell line maintained in tissue culture since 1951 and widely used in virology?
• The agency that enforces standards for the quality and wholesomeness of meat, poultry, and eggs is the
• Which instrument is used to perform the temperature cycling required for PCR?
• A visible group of bacteria growing on a solid medium is called
• Which technique separates mixtures based on the differential movement of components on a surface?
• What is the study of the conduct that governs the behaviors of a person or profession?
• Which phase of clinical trials studies a drug after it is marketed to assess effectiveness in diverse populations?
• The HeLa cell line originated from tissue taken from which patient?
• A container of water heated to a given temperature, used for heating substances placed in smaller containers
• Which scientist is credited with discovering penicillin, the first antibiotic?
• Which device is used to prevent exposure to hazardous fumes from chemicals?
• FDA stands for which organization?
• Which unit represents a larger volume?
• Which term describes the growth of animal cells in a controlled environment outside the living organism?
• Which analytical method identifies a substance by its selective absorption of different wavelengths of light?
• Which term denotes not living organisms consisting of genetic material enclosed in a protein coat?
• Which device controls temperature cycling during PCR?
• Small number of healthy human subjects; investigates side effects and dose-response profiles; investigates metabolic and pharmacologic properties.
• What term describes the mass of solute per volume of solvent?
• In a 1:100 serial dilution, what is the concentration after two steps if starting concentration is 1000 units/mL?
• Who is credited with developing the PCR technique?
• Frederick Griffith is known for discovering transformation in bacteria. Which term describes that phenomenon?
• 0 Celsius equals 32 Fahrenheit. What is the name of the conversion between Fahrenheit and Celsius scales?
• Which term refers to a device used to hold liquids and has a narrow neck to prevent splashes?
• Which biosafety level is required for indigenous or exotic microorganisms that can cause serious or potentially lethal disease through respiratory transmission?
• Approximately how many grams does 1 microliter of water weigh?
• Which device protects users, the environment, and the product from biological hazards?
• In PCR, which step involves the DNA polymerase extending the primers to synthesize new DNA strands?
• Which term describes single-celled organisms that are prokaryotes?
• Which tool is commonly used to transfer microorganisms between culture surfaces?
• Which type of chromatography uses silica gel or alumina on a card as the stationary phase?
• Which term describes pieces of genetic material surrounded by a protein coat; non-living - survive in hosts?
• Which device provides protection to laboratory personnel when handling infectious microorganisms?
• Serial dilutions performed with the same factor cause what kind of change in concentration?
• A procedure performed under sterile conditions is known as
• To convert milliliters to microliters, which operation is used?
• How many millimeters are in one centimeter?
• Which term describes a small, circular DNA molecule often used in genetic engineering?
• What term refers to patient safety and efficacy in humans?
• Which PPE is commonly used at BSL-2?
• The trio of elements necessary for combustion is called the
• Which analytical method identifies a substance by its selective absorption of different wavelengths of light?
• A graph plotted from known concentrations to determine unknown sample concentrations is called what?
• To grow; growth in a laboratory context is best described as what?
• Which term describes a laboratory method to isolate DNA from a sample using physical and chemical steps?
• Small rings of DNA are called what?
• In a two-step serial dilution with each step performing a 1:10 dilution, what is the overall dilution factor?
• An enclosed apparatus providing a controlled environment for growth is called what?
• What term describes the loss of normal protein shape due to heat or other factors?
• Which pH value describes an acidic solution?
• Phase 3 clinical trials typically enroll about how many patients?
• Which enzyme can withstand the high temperatures of PCR and synthesizes DNA?
• Which statement best describes a key assumption of serial dilutions?
• M1V1=M2V2 is used to calculate what?
• Cells with membrane-bound organelles (i.e., a nucleus) are classified as which type?
• A laboratory instrument used to measure, dispense, and transfer very small amounts of liquid
• Which term describes a substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution (pH < 7)?
• A series of steps followed to solve problems.
• What is the protective cabinet that provides containment for workers when handling infectious microorganisms?
• Which process involves creating many copies of a specific DNA sequence using a DNA polymerase?
• The HeLa cell line was derived from cancer cells taken without the patient’s knowledge from which person?
• A sealed negative-pressure zone is associated with which biosafety level?
• What term describes an enclosed apparatus providing a controlled environment for the care of premature or unusually small babies?
• Which equation represents the dilution formula used to relate the concentrations and volumes before and after dilution?
• What does HIPAA stand for?
• First step of PCR; unravels DNA at about 95°C. What is this step called?
• Which instrument is used to measure medium-small volumes of liquids?
• In the dilution equation C1V1 = C2V2, which quantity is conserved between the two states?
• Cells that lack membrane-bound organelles are classified as which type?
• The procedure used to separate and analyze DNA fragments, or RFLPs, is called
• A technique for amplifying, or copying, DNA is called
• Which term accurately describes the analysis of variable DNA segments used to identify individuals?
• Which scenario is a typical use for serial dilutions?
• Which device produces magnified images of structures too small to see with the unaided eye?
• A graph generated from a series of samples with known concentrations is called what?
• Which agency is primarily responsible for meat, poultry, and egg safety?
• Which device rapidly changes sample temperatures and is used for polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?
• How many micrometers are in one meter?
• A polysaccharide obtained from seaweed that is used in gel electrophoresis is
• Which instrument is designed to transfer a small volume of liquid?
• OHSA stands for which organization?
• Which NFPA Diamond color designates flammability of a chemical agent?
• Which item is designed to shield laboratory workers from hazards, including chemicals and infectious materials?
• Relies on porous beads; larger molecules elute first because they are not trapped in small pores. Which chromatography method is this?
• The acronym EPA stands for which federal agency?
• Which scientist generated X-ray images of DNA that provided key data about its structure?
• A solution of known concentration is used to determine the concentration of another solution. What is this process called?
• Approximately how many grams does 1 milliliter of water weigh?
• During PCR, which step involves primers binding to their complementary sequences on the DNA template?
• Which statement best describes restriction enzymes?
• Used to hold liquids; has narrow neck to prevent splashes
• Which statement about serial dilutions is NOT true?